{"id":1008,"date":"2019-05-17T15:51:21","date_gmt":"2019-05-17T19:51:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/regionslead.org\/?p=1008"},"modified":"2020-07-08T23:52:37","modified_gmt":"2020-07-08T23:52:37","slug":"the-argument-for-regionally-based-job-training-programs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narc.org\/2019\/05\/17\/the-argument-for-regionally-based-job-training-programs\/","title":{"rendered":"The Argument for Regionally Based Job Training Programs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Prior\nto passage of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) in 1973, job\ntraining programs were largely federally operated.  Moreover, they were very fragmented and there\nseemed to be no rhyme or reason to the way the programs were organized.  CETA changed all that. Though it remained\nfederally funded, all funds were passed through to states and localities, and\nfor the first time the job training system was locally operated through a\nsystem of \u201cprime sponsors\u201d \u2013 units of general purpose government such as cities\nor counties. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

President\nRichard Nixon underscored this point when he signed CETA into law.  He said,  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“For the first time, [funds will] be made available to State and local governments without any Federal strings as to what kind of services or how much of those services should be provided. From now on, State and local governments will be the decision makers concerning the mix of manpower services, which they make available.”<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Over\nthe next 40 years, the nation\u2019s job training system was transformed from one\nthat began as city- or county-based to one that required a regional response to\nthe workforce needs of business, industry, and workers.[1]<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This\ntransformation was not always without controversy.  States sought to control the program and\ndeliver services statewide, and individual cities and counties sought to\nmaintain their control over the funds and the program. Yet time and time again\npolicymakers decided that America\u2019s federally funded job training system should\nbe delivered locally through a system of regionally based workforce programs\nthat were multi-jurisdictional and reflected labor markets, economic development\nareas, and regional economies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why?  Regions, rather than individual cities or\ncounties, are more likely to reflect the true labor market of an area.  Workers of course will cross governmental boundaries\nto get to work, employers will draw upon workers from a wide area and not just\nthe municipality or county in which they are located, and wage rates are likely\nto be similar across these areas, thereby ensuring that individual workers\nwould consider a variety of locations for work. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regions,\nrather than individual cities or counties, are more likely to be able to\ngenerate successful economic development strategies.  The many jurisdictions within a region are\nbetter able to develop effective land use and tax policies, make better use of\nthe human capital throughout the region, and generate business and industrial\ndevelopment and jobs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

With\npassage of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act in 2014, policymakers finally\nmade it clear that workforce development and job training programs must be\nregionally based.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The\nlaw states that each state when drawing up its workforce development areas shall\ndevelop planning regions that consist of labor market areas, economic\ndevelopment regions, and other \u201ccontiguous sub-areas\u201d of the states.  And as part of the identification process,\nthe state will use the following regional criteria:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\nWhat began as a single city- or county-based job training system some 45 years ago has morphed into a robust, multi-jurisdictional job training system that reflects how and why economies emerge. Going beyond governmental boundaries, this system provides workforce development based on labor markets, economic development areas, local economies, industrial composition, labor force conditions and participation, and much more.  \n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> The Job\nTraining Partnership Act (JTPA) in 1983, the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) in\n1988, and the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) in 2014 succeeded\nCETA.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What began as a single city- or county-based job training system some 45 years ago has morphed into a robust, multi-jurisdictional job training system that reflects how and why economies emerge. Going beyond governmental boundaries, this system provides workforce development based on labor markets, economic development areas, local economies, industrial composition, labor force conditions and participation, and much more. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":71060,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"generate_page_header":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[45,8,137],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-community-economic-development","category-community-economic-development-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Argument for Regionally Based Job Training Programs - National Association of Regional Councils<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narc.org\/2019\/05\/17\/the-argument-for-regionally-based-job-training-programs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Argument for Regionally Based Job Training Programs - National Association of Regional Councils\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What began as a single city- or county-based job training system some 45 years ago has morphed into a robust, multi-jurisdictional job training system that reflects how and why economies emerge. 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